Justicidin B is a potent anticancer lignan and proapoptotic agent. Justicidin B is also a bone resorption inhibitor, and has strong antiviral, fungicidal, antiprotozoal effects.

Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.

Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid.